This is an investigation conducted to determine the presence of soil or groundwater contamination and its circumstances. There are two main ways of conducting a soil and groundwater investigation. The first is stipulated in the Soil Contamination Countermeasures Act. It involves conducting a surface layer investigation (soil gas survey and surface soil investigation) and then a boring investigation in the direction of depth in steps.
The second is often used when conducting a voluntary investigation for an M&A or other purpose. It involves conducting a surface layer investigation and investigation in the direction of depth at the same time.
Both have their advantages and disadvantages, which makes it necessary to use one or the other depending on the situation.